Heterocyclic Building Blocks-Naphthyridine

Liu, Yanlin; Duan, Xiaoli; Zhao, Xiaodi; Ding, Wenlong; Wang, Yaowei; Xiong, Yan published the artcile< Diverse nitrogen signals activate convergent ROP2-TOR signaling in Arabidopsis>, SDS of cas: 1223001-51-1, the main research area is diverse nitrogen signal ROP2TOR Arabidopsis; ROP2; TOR; amino acids; cell proliferation; inorganic nitrogen; leaf primordium.

The evolutionarily conserved target-of-rapamycin (TOR) kinase coordinates cellular and organismal growth in all eukaryotes. Amino acids (AAs) are key upstream signals for mammalian TOR activation, but how nitrogen-related nutrients regulate TOR signaling in plants is poorly understood. Here, we discovered that, independent of nitrogen assimilation, nitrate and ammonium function as primary nitrogen signals to activate TOR in the Arabidopsis leaf primordium. We further identified that a total of 15 proteinogenic AAs are also able to activate TOR, and the first AAs generated from plant specific nitrogen assimilation (glutamine), sulfur assimilation (cysteine), and glycolate cycle (glycine), exhibit the highest potency. Interestingly, nitrate, ammonium, and glutamine all activate the small GTPase Rho-related protein from plants 2 (ROP2), and constitutively active ROP2 restores TOR activation under nitrogen-starvation conditions. Our findings suggest that specific evolutionary adaptations of the nitrogen-TOR signaling pathway occurred in plant lineages, and ROP2 can integrate diverse nitrogen and hormone signals for plant TOR activation.

Developmental Cell published new progress about Amino acids Role: BSU (Biological Study, Unclassified), BIOL (Biological Study). 1223001-51-1 belongs to class naphthyridine, and the molecular formula is C24H15F3N4O, SDS of cas: 1223001-51-1.

Referemce:
1,8-Naphthyridine – Wikipedia,
1,8-Naphthyridine | C8H6N2 – PubChem

Hussain, Azhar R.; Al-Romaizan, Maha; Ahmed, Maqbool; Thangavel, Saravanan; Al-Dayel, Fouad; Beg, Shaham; Uddin, Shahab; Siraj, Abdul K.; Al-Kuraya, Khawla S. published the artcile< Dual targeting of mTOR activity with Torin2 potentiates anticancer effects of cisplatin in epithelial ovarian cancer>, Electric Literature of 1223001-51-1, the main research area is Torin2 cisplatin antitumor mTOR signaling epithelial ovarian cancer.

Mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) and phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K) are two key components of PI3K/Akt/mTOR signaling pathway. Dysregulation of these pathways have been found in many cancers, including epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC), however, the role of mTOR has not been fully elucidated in Middle Eastern EOC. Therefore, we investigated the activation of mTOR complexes (mTORC1 and mTORC2) in a cohort of 156 EOC from Saudi Arabia by immunohistochem. in a tissue microarray format. mTORC1 and mTORC2 were found to be activated in 55 of 146 (37.7%) and 63 of 140 (45%) of EOC samples, resp. mTORC1 was significantly associated with mTORC2 (p < 0.0001) activation and both mTOR complexes were significantly associated with p-AKT (p = 0.0205 and 0.0298) and p-P70S6 (p < 0.0001 and 0.0035), resp. Interestingly, mTOR activation incurred a poor progression-free survival (PFS) (p = 0.0188) in EOC. Next, the in vitro effect of inactivation of mTOR complexes was evaluated using a second-generation mTOR inhibitor, Torin2, on a panel of EOC cell lines. Torin2 treatment decreased cell viability and induced apoptosis in a dose-dependent manner via inactivation of mTORC1 and mTORC2 and their downstream targets in EOC cell lines. Furthermore, treatment of EOC cells with a subtoxic dose of Torin2 potentiated a cisplatin-induced apoptotic response in EOC cell lines. Finally, we studied the in vivo effect of a combination of Torin2 and cisplatin and found that this combination synergistically inhibited tumor growth in nude mice. These studies highlight the importance of targeting the mTOR survival pathway and suggest that cotreatment with cisplatin and Torin2 may be beneficial for the management of EOC. Molecular Medicine (Manhasset, NY, United States) published new progress about Antitumor agents. 1223001-51-1 belongs to class naphthyridine, and the molecular formula is C24H15F3N4O, Electric Literature of 1223001-51-1.

Referemce:
1,8-Naphthyridine – Wikipedia,
1,8-Naphthyridine | C8H6N2 – PubChem

Zhang, Zhengyi; Xie, Ziye; Lv, Shujing; Shi, Yulian; Zhai, Chuanjia; Li, Xuejiao; Qiao, Bin; Gao, Xiaoyan published the artcile< Integrated metabolomics and network pharmacology study on the mechanism of Kangfuxiaoyan suppository for treating chronic pelvic inflammatory disease>, Name: (41S,7aR,13aR,13bR)-Dodecahydro-1H-dipyrido[2,1-f:3′,2′,1′-ij][1,6]naphthyridin-10(41H)-one, the main research area is pelvic inflammatory disease Kangfuxiaoyan suppository metabolomic UPLCQTOFMS pharmacokinetic antiinflammatory; UPLC-Q-TOF/MS; chronic pelvic inflammatory disease; kangfuxiaoyan suppository; metabolomics; network pharmacology.

Kangfuxiaoyan suppository (KFXYS) is a commonly used traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) preparation for the treatment of chronic pelvic inflammatory disease (CPID) clin., and its safety and effectiveness have been well verified. However, the potential mechanism remains unclear. The integrated strategy of metabolomics and network pharmacol. was employed in the study to reveal the potential mechanism of KFXYS in the treatment of CPID. Our research consists of five steps. First, the effect of KFXYS in reversing uterine inflammation indexes was verified. Second, based on the comprehensive characterization of 123 chem. ingredients of KFXYS, the ingredients of KFXYS absorbed into blood were identified by UPLC-Q-TOF/MS, then ADME research was carried out on the main ingredients. Third, the differential metabolites with significant correlation to inflammatory indexes were discovered by metabolomics and correlation anal. Fourth, the potential targets and pathways of KFXYS in treating CPID were predicted by network pharmacol. based on the ingredients which had good ADME behavior. Fifth, the proteins in common pathways of metabolomics and network pharmacol. were used to screen the key targets from the potential targets of network pharmacol., and the potential mechanism of KFXYS in treating CPID was clarified. As a result, KFXYS significantly reversed the uterine inflammation indexes, including IL-1 and IL-6. The ingredients absorbed into blood including matrine, sophocarpine, aloin, esculetin-O-glucuronide, 7,4″”-dihydroxyisoflavone-O-glucuronide, and 4″”-methoxyisoflavone-7-O-glucuronide had good ADME behavior in vivo. Among the differential metabolites, Leukotriene A4, 5- Hydroxyindoleacetic acid, Ornithine, Arginine, and PC (20:1 (11Z)/20:4 (8Z,11Z,14Z,17Z)) were significant correlation to inflammation indexes. The integration anal. of metabolomics and network pharmacol. shows that KFXYS may regulate the key targets including ARG1, NOS2, NOS3, etc. We speculate that ingredients of KFXYS, such as matrine, sophocarpine, aloin etc. act on the key proteins including ARG1, NOS2, and NOS3, to exert anti-inflammatory effect.

Frontiers in Pharmacology published new progress about Alkaloids Role: BSU (Biological Study, Unclassified), BIOL (Biological Study). 6882-68-4 belongs to class naphthyridine, and the molecular formula is C15H24N2O, Name: (41S,7aR,13aR,13bR)-Dodecahydro-1H-dipyrido[2,1-f:3′,2′,1′-ij][1,6]naphthyridin-10(41H)-one.

Referemce:
1,8-Naphthyridine – Wikipedia,
1,8-Naphthyridine | C8H6N2 – PubChem

Huo, Zhixia; Chen, Lei published the artcile< Base-deactivated and alkaline-resistant chromatographic stationary phase based on functionalized polymethylsilsesquioxane microspheres>, Formula: C15H24N2O, the main research area is base deactivated chromatog stationary phase functionalized polymethylsilsesquioxane microsphere; basic compounds; co-condensation; functionalization; polymethylsilsesquioxane; silanol activity.

Vinyl, chloropropyl, and mercaptopropyl functionalized particles were prepared by a two-step acidic/alk. catalyzed co-hydrolysis/condensation of methyltrimethoxysilane with a different silane precursor that carries chem. reactive functional group including vinyl, chloropropyl, and mercaptopropyl, resp. The morphol., pore structure, and functional groups of the synthesized packings were studied by SEM, nitrogen adsorption-desorption measurements, and solid-state 13C 29Si NMR spectroscopy, resp. The particles show ordered sphere, narrow particle size distribution, and mesoporous structure. The carbon contents of the microspheres are in the range of 17-19%, comparable to those of octadecyl-bonded silica packings. The three-kind of microspheres were directly used as packing materials for high-performance liquid chromatog. without size classification. The chromatog. performance of the columns was evaluated and compared with a com. available C18 phase. The results revealed that these columns possess typical reversed-phase chromatog. properties with increased hydrophobicity than polymethylsilsesquioxane and sym. peaks for basic compounds They were applied to the simultaneous separation of combination bendazol hydrochlorothiazide capsules containing polar and basic drugs with peaks identified by tandem with mass spectrometry. In general, a novel method is provided for the synthesis of different methyltrimethoxysilane-derived microspheres for high-performance liquid chromatog., which are advantageous for separating basic compounds

Journal of Separation Science published new progress about Chromatographic stationary phases (base-deactivated and alk.-resistant). 6882-68-4 belongs to class naphthyridine, and the molecular formula is C15H24N2O, Formula: C15H24N2O.

Referemce:
1,8-Naphthyridine – Wikipedia,
1,8-Naphthyridine | C8H6N2 – PubChem

Song, Limei; Xu, Guoyun; Li, Tingting; Zhou, Huina; Lin, Qinlu; Chen, Jia; Wang, Long; Wu, Dousheng; Li, Xiaoxu; Wang, Lifeng; Zhu, Sirui; Yu, Feng published the artcile< The RALF1-FERONIA complex interacts with and activates TOR signaling in response to low nutrients>, COA of Formula: C24H15F3N4O, the main research area is TOR signaling RALF1 FERONIA complex; FERONIA; TOR; amino acid response; energy metabolism; nitrogen response.

Target of rapamycin (TOR) kinase is an evolutionarily conserved major regulator of nutrient metabolism and organismal growth in eukaryotes. In plants, nutrients are remobilized and reallocated between shoots and roots under low-nutrient conditions, and nitrogen and nitrogen-related nutrients (e.g., amino acids) are key upstream signals leading to TOR activation in shoots under low-nutrient conditions. However, how these forms of nitrogen can be sensed to activate TOR in plants is still poorly understood. Here we report that the Arabidopsis receptor kinase FERONIA (FER) interacts with the TOR pathway to regulate nutrient (nitrogen and amino acid) signaling under low-nutrient conditions and exerts similar metabolic effects in response to nitrogen deficiency. We found that FER and its partner, RPM1-induced protein kinase (RIPK), interact with the TOR/RAPTOR complex to pos. modulate TOR signaling activity. During this process, the receptor complex FER/RIPK phosphorylates the TOR complex component RAPTOR1B. The RALF1 peptide, a ligand of the FER/RIPK receptor complex, increases TOR activation in the young leaf by enhancing FER-TOR interactions, leading to promotion of true leaf growth in Arabidopsis under low-nutrient conditions. Furthermore, we showed that specific amino acids (e.g., Gln, Asp, and Gly) promote true leaf growth under nitrogen-deficient conditions via the FER-TOR axis. Collectively, our study reveals a mechanism by which the RALF1-FER pathway activates TOR in the plant adaptive response to low nutrients and suggests that plants prioritize nutritional stress response over RALF1-mediated inhibition of cell growth under low-nutrient conditions.

Molecular Plant published new progress about Alkaloids Role: BSU (Biological Study, Unclassified), BIOL (Biological Study). 1223001-51-1 belongs to class naphthyridine, and the molecular formula is C24H15F3N4O, COA of Formula: C24H15F3N4O.

Referemce:
1,8-Naphthyridine – Wikipedia,
1,8-Naphthyridine | C8H6N2 – PubChem

Jia, Ya-qian; Yuan, Zi-wen; Zhang, Xiao-song; Dong, Jia-qi; Liu, Xue-nan; Peng, Xiao-ting; Yao, Wan-ling; Ji, Peng; Wei, Yan-ming; Hua, Yong-li published the artcile< Total alkaloids of Sophora alopecuroides L. ameliorated murine colitis by regulating bile acid metabolism and gut microbiota>, HPLC of Formula: 6882-68-4, the main research area is Sophora alkaloids ulcerative colitis bile acid metabolism; Bile acid metabolism; Gut microbiota; Total alkaloids of Sophora alopecuroides L.; Ulcerative colitis.

Sophora alopecuroides L. is one of the most commonly used plants in traditional medicine for the management conditions including inflammatory and gastrointestinal disease. However, the therapeutic mechanism of Sophora alopecuroides L.particularly in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) remains unclear. To evaluate the treatment effects of total alkaloids of Sophora alopecuroides L. in ulcerative colitis (UC) mice model and explore the therapeutic mechanism of KDZ on UC based on bile acid metabolism and gut microbiota. Colitis were induced in BALB/c mice by administering 3.5% dextran sulfate sodium (DSS) in drinking water for 7 days. The mice were then given KDZ (300, 150 and 75 mg/kg) and the pos. drug sulfasalazine (SASP, 450 mg/kg) via oral administration for 7 days. The levels of 23 bile acids in the liver, bile, serum, cecum content and colon were determined through ultra-performance liquid chromatog./tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC-MS/MS). The cecum microbiota was characterized through high-throughput Illumina MiSeq sequencing. KDZ treatment significantly decreased the disease activity index (DAI) scores and ameliorated colonic injury in DSS-treated mice. The expression of IL-1β and TGF-β1 were suppressed, yet, IL-10 was up-regulated by KDZ and SASP treatment compared with those in the model group. Meanwhile, the serum contents of total bile acid and total cholesterol in the DSS group increased significantly compared with those in the control group, but reversed by SASP and KDZ. The relative abundance of Firmicutes increased after KDZ was administration, whereas the abundance of Bacteroidetes decreased. αMCA, βMCA, ωMCA and CA in the SASP and KDZ groups did not differ from those in the control group, whereas these parameters significantly increased in the DSS group. KDZ had a protective effect on DSS-induced colitis by mitigating colonic injury, preventing gut microbiota dysbiosis and regulating bile acid metabolism

Journal of Ethnopharmacology published new progress about Adlercreutzia. 6882-68-4 belongs to class naphthyridine, and the molecular formula is C15H24N2O, HPLC of Formula: 6882-68-4.

Referemce:
1,8-Naphthyridine – Wikipedia,
1,8-Naphthyridine | C8H6N2 – PubChem

Blazejewski, Sara M.; Bennison, Sarah A.; Liu, Xiaonan; Toyo-oka, Kazuhito published the artcile< High-throughput kinase inhibitor screening reveals roles for Aurora and Nuak kinases in neurite initiation and dendritic branching>, SDS of cas: 1223001-51-1, the main research area is high throughput screening aurora nuak kinase inhibitor neurite initiation.

Kinases are essential regulators of a variety of cellular signaling processes, including neurite formation-a foundational step in neurodevelopment. Aberrant axonal sprouting and failed regeneration of injured axons are associated with conditions like traumatic injury, neurodegenerative disease, and seizures. Investigating the mechanisms underlying neurite formation will allow for identification of potential therapeutics. We used a kinase inhibitor library to screen 493 kinase inhibitors and observed that 45% impacted neuritogenesis in Neuro2a (N-2a) cells. Based on the screening, we further investigated the roles of Aurora kinases A, B, and C and Nuak kinases 1 and 2. The roles of Aurora and Nuak kinases have not been thoroughly studied in the nervous system. Inhibition or overexpression of Aurora and Nuak kinases in primary cortical neurons resulted in various neuromorphol. defects, with Aurora A regulating neurite initiation, Aurora B and C regulating neurite initiation and elongation, all Aurora kinases regulating arborization, and all Nuak kinases regulating neurite initiation and elongation and arborization. Our high-throughput screening and anal. of Aurora and Nuak kinases revealed their functions and may contribute to the identification of therapeutics.

Scientific Reports published new progress about Aurora kinase inhibitors. 1223001-51-1 belongs to class naphthyridine, and the molecular formula is C24H15F3N4O, SDS of cas: 1223001-51-1.

Referemce:
1,8-Naphthyridine – Wikipedia,
1,8-Naphthyridine | C8H6N2 – PubChem

Zhang, Wan-Ying; Chen, Ying; Zhang, Miao-Miao; Zhang, Guo-Wei published the artcile< Molecular mechanism prediction analysis of compound Kushen injection in the treatment of COVID-19 based on network pharmacology and molecular docking>, Application In Synthesis of 6882-68-4, the main research area is COVID 19 compound Kushen injection.

As 1 of the 8 effective traditional Chinese medicines for the treatment of atypical pneumonia, compound Kushen injection (CKI) played an important role in combating pneumonia caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 virus in China in 2003. CKI is known to inhibit inflammation, and its main chem. components, namely matrine and oxymatrine, can promote Th cells to recognize and eliminate viruses. In this study, network pharmacol. and mol. docking were used to explore the mechanisms of CKI for treating coronavirus disease 2019. The Traditional Chinese Medicine Systems Pharmacol. Database and Anal. Platform and other related literature were used to screen CKI’s active ingredients in the blood. Traditional Chinese Medicine Systems Pharmacol. Database and Anal. Platform, Swiss Target Prediction and STITCH were used to search for potential targets of the active ingredients. The ingredient-target network was constructed using the Cytoscape software. The STRING online database was used to construct a target protein-protein interaction network that can be visualized and analyzed using the Cytoscape software to obtain key targets. Sophocarpine, sophoridine, matrine, (+)-allomatrine, AIDS211310, and sophranol were the 6 active ingredients. After docking the active ingredients with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 3CL hydrolase and angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2), they displayed suitable affinity, which could block viral replication and its binding to ACE2. The key targets mainly involved inflammatory factors, such as interleukin-6 (IL-6) and tumor necrosis factor (TNF). Gene Ontol. enrichment anal. mainly indicated the IL-6 cytokine-mediated signaling pathway and cytokine-mediated signaling pathway. The Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genome pathway enrichment anal. mainly indicated steroid hormone biosynthesis and the TNF signaling pathway. The alkaloids in CKI can block viral replication and its binding to severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 and ACE2 receptors. They regulate the IL-6-mediated signaling pathway, TNF signaling pathway, and steroid hormone biosynthesis, thereby initiating therapeutic responses against COVID-19.

Traditional Medicine Research published new progress about COVID-19. 6882-68-4 belongs to class naphthyridine, and the molecular formula is C15H24N2O, Application In Synthesis of 6882-68-4.

Referemce:
1,8-Naphthyridine – Wikipedia,
1,8-Naphthyridine | C8H6N2 – PubChem

Zamfirescu, Radu C.; Day, Margot L.; Morris, Michael B. published the artcile< mTORC1/2 signaling is downregulated by amino acid-free culture of mouse preimplantation embryos and is only partially restored by amino acid readdition>, Formula: C24H15F3N4O, the main research area is mTORC1 mTORC2 signaling amino acid mouse preimplantation embryo; Akt; amino acids; mTORC1; mouse preimplantation embryo; proline.

Development of the mammalian preimplantation embryo is influenced by autocrine/paracrine factors and the availability of nutrients. Deficiencies of these during in vitro culture reduce the success of assisted reproductive technologies. The mechanistic target of rapamycin complex 1 (mTORC1) pathway integrates external and internal signals, including those by amino acids (AAs), to promote normal preimplantation development. For this reason, AAs are often included in embryo culture media. In this study, we examined how withdrawal and addition of AAs to culture media modulate mTORC1 pathway activity compared with its activity in mouse embryos developed in vivo. Phosphorylation of signaling components downstream of mTORC1, namely, p70 ribosomal protein S6 kinase (p70S6K), ribosomal protein S6, and 4E binding protein 1 (4E-BP1), and that of protein kinase B (Akt), which lies upstream of mTORC1, changed significantly across stages of embryos developed in vivo. For freshly isolated blastocysts placed in vitro, the absence of AAs in the culture medium, even for a few hours, decreased mTORC1 signaling, which could only be partially restored by their addition Long-term culture of early embryos to blastocysts in the absence of AAs decreased mTORC1 signaling to a greater extent and again this could only be partially restored by their inclusion. This failure to fully restore is probably due to decreased phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K)/Akt/mTORC2 signaling in culture, as indicated by decreased P-AktS473. MTORC2 lies upstream of mTORC1 and is insensitive to AAs, and its reduced activity probably results from loss of maternal/autocrine factors. These data highlight reduced mTORC1/2 signaling activity correlating with compromised development in vitro and show that the addition of AAs can only partially offset these effects.

American Journal of Physiology published new progress about Actins Role: BSU (Biological Study, Unclassified), BIOL (Biological Study). 1223001-51-1 belongs to class naphthyridine, and the molecular formula is C24H15F3N4O, Formula: C24H15F3N4O.

Referemce:
1,8-Naphthyridine – Wikipedia,
1,8-Naphthyridine | C8H6N2 – PubChem

Jhanwar-Uniyal, Meena; Dominguez, Jose F.; Mohan, Avinash L.; Tobias, Michael E.; Gandhi, Chirag D. published the artcile< Disentangling the signaling pathways of mTOR complexes, mTORC1 and mTORC2, as a therapeutic target in glioblastoma>, SDS of cas: 1223001-51-1, the main research area is glioblastoma therapeutic target disentangling signaling mTORC1 mTORC2; Glioblastoma; mTOR; mTORC1 mTORC2.

Aberrant signaling of mechanistic target of rapamycin (mTOR′ aka mammalian target of rapamycin) is shown to be linked to tumorigenesis of numerous malignancies including glioblastoma (GB). Glioblastoma mTOR is a serine threonine kinase that functions by forming two multiprotein complexes. There complexes are named mTORC1 and mTORC2 and downstream activated substrate execute cellular and metabolic functions. This signaling cascade of PI3K/AKT/mTOR is often upregulated due to frequent loss of the tumor suppressor PTEN, a phosphatase that functions antagonistically to PI3K. mTOR regulates cell growth, motility, and metabolism by forming two multiprotein complexes, mTORC1 and mTORC2, which are composed of special binding partners. These complexes are sensitive to distinct stimuli. mTORC1 is sensitive to nutrients and mTORC2 is regulated via PI3K and growth factor signaling. Since rapamycin and its analog are less effective in treatment of GB, we used novel ATP-competitive dual inhibitors of mTORC1 and mTORC2, namely, Torin1, Torin2, and XL388. Torin1 showed similar effects only at higher doses. Another small mol. compound, XL388 suppressed cell proliferation at a higher dose but failed to inhibit cell migration. In addition, formulation of third generation mTOR inhibitor “”Rapalink-1″” may provide new aspects to target mTOR pathways. Numerous inhibitors are currently being used in clin. trials that are aimed to target activated mTOR pathways.

Advances in Biological Regulation published new progress about AKT-interacting protein AKTIP Role: BSU (Biological Study, Unclassified), BIOL (Biological Study). 1223001-51-1 belongs to class naphthyridine, and the molecular formula is C24H15F3N4O, SDS of cas: 1223001-51-1.

Referemce:
1,8-Naphthyridine – Wikipedia,
1,8-Naphthyridine | C8H6N2 – PubChem